Introduction
Approximately 537 million people were living with diabetes in 2021, a number expected to increase to 784 million by 2045. At least 40% of people with diabetes develop chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a significant number developing kidney failure requiring dialysis and transplantation. Diabetes is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease, which is strongly associated with early death and reduced quality of life.
CKD is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a risk multiplier in people with diabetes. All stages of CKD carry an increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity and mortality. CKD is also associated with poorer psychosocial functioning, anxiety, depression, and reduced health-related quality of life.
If recognised early, kidney disease in people with diabetes can be effectively slowed down. Providing a coordinated approach involving early screening and prompt referral to specialist teams when necessary, using medications with proven efficacy, and increasing patient awareness can reduce the burden of diabetes and kidney disease.
Faculty
Professor Kamlesh Khunti, Professor of Primary Care Diabetes and Vascular Medicine at the University of Leicester, United Kingdom
Educational needs and learning objectives
The goal of this activity is to increase clinicians’ knowledge and competency in evidence-based screening, diagnosis and treatment strategies for patients with diabetes and CKD
Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:
- Outline the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes and CKD.
- Identify key opportunities in the patient care timeline to promote consistent screening.
- Interpret and apply guidelines, recommendations and algorithms for screening, early diagnosis and intervention in people with T2DM, particularly the 2022 KDIGO update.
- Explain the importance of risk optimisation.
- Outline currently available management options for people with type 2 diabetes, including lifestyle measures and pharmacological treatment.
- Discuss opportunities for cross-specialty engagement, including appropriate early referral.
- Determine factors which should prompt a referral to specialist care.
- Empower patient participation in shared decision making and managing expectations.
Accreditation
This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint providership of Oakstone Publishing and SEI Healthcare LLC.
Oakstone Publishing is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Oakstone Publishing designates this enduring activity for a maximum of one (1) AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™️. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in this activity.
Target Audience
This activity is intended for primary care physicians/general practitioners, endocrinologists, diabetologists, and nephrologists practising in Europe.
Enduring Materials CE Activity
Release date: July 7, 2022
Expiration date: July 7, 2023
This activity has passed its expiration date.
Disclosures
Faculty
Prof. Khunti has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
- Grant funding: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis.
- Consultant, advisory board member and speaker: Abbott, Amgen, Astrazeneca, Bayer, Berlin-Chemie AG/Menarini Group, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp and Dohme, NAPP, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi- Aventis, Servier.
CME Reviewer
Sandy Mardant
Oakstone Publishing, Director of Continuing Education
Oakstone Publishing has assessed conflict of interest with its faculty, authors, editors, and any individuals who were in a position to control the content of this CME activity. Any identified relevant conflicts of interest have been mitigated. Oakstone Publishing’s planners, content reviewers, and editorial staff disclose no relationships with ineligible companies.
Peer Reviewer
This activity has been peer-reviewed and the reviewer has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
Editor
Rita Aresta MD
Scientific Content Manager
Rita Aresta MD has disclosed no relevant financial relationships.
